The survey shows that every 10 adults in China have 1 diabetes patients, and this disease is relatively hidden, hidden killing in "sweet".In recent years, Chinese diabetic patients have shown a younger trend. Among them, the chance of pregnant women with gestational diabetes has become higher and higher, and the incidence is about 15%.
In most cases, sugar mothers only need to control diet+exercise to control blood sugar, and only a few sugar mothers need to perform insulin injection."Pregnant women with gestational diabetes are as healthy as the baby born to normal pregnant women if the blood glucose control is good." It is worth noting that the lower the blood sugar, the better, but controlling it within the appropriate range.Gestational diabetes is not exclusive to fat people
Xiao Yang 1.5 meters and 80 catties, belonging to the typical Jiangnan women -cut shoulders and waist, small and exquisite.She recalled that she never thought that her blood sugar might have problems before pregnancy, because in her opinion, diabetes was a "wealthy disease", and only fat people would get it.But this kind of disease "finds" her during pregnancy.
Xiao Yang said that when she was experimenting with sugar tolerance, her empty blood glucose was in a normal range, but the sugar tolerance for one hour and 2 hours after drinking sugar water exceeded the standard."I didn’t eat much at that time, and the weight gain during pregnancy was normal. I wonder how the blood sugar would be high?" The doctor told Xiao Yang that this may be related to her islet function.Later, under the guidance of the doctor, Xiao Yang made adjustments in diet and appropriately strengthened exercise. The blood sugar has been controlled well and has no medication.In the end, the child was born, and it was more than 6 pounds when he was born.
The placenta is an affiliated organ of the fetus, and its function is very powerful.Not only can it provide the nutrients required for fetal growth, the placenta will also secrete a large amount of hormones, including hormones against insulin function, which reduces effective islet function, which can easily cause pregnant women with high blood sugar.
In addition, eating habits are important causes of high blood glucose during pregnancy.High starch and high -fat foods are relatively prone to sugar metabolism abnormalities.
There is a saying in China that there is a big fat doll.In fact, this is a misunderstanding, the bigger the child is, the better.Some pregnant women eat hard as soon as they are pregnant, and less exercise, resulting in excessive weight gain during pregnancy, thereby inducing high blood glucose.
For expectant mothers, the blood glucose in the early pregnancy is high and prone to fetal malformations, abortion, and keto acid poisoning; premature birth, premature fetal membrane breakthrough, and recurrent mold vaginitis occur in the late stage;It affects the mothers’ production power and increase the chance of cesarean section and infection.
In addition, gestational diabetes can easily cause newborn to have jaundice, hypoglycemia, hypocalcelia, inccericcence, lung transparent membrane disease, and hypertrophymia.
But many pregnant women always want to eat during pregnancy, and they are afraid of gestational diabetes. Don’t you eat it?Of course not, you can still eat it, just how to eat it.
The total amount of food should be properly controlled, but it does not mean to be hungry.Meeting the nutritional needs of mothers and children are the prerequisite for treatment. In the middle and later stages of pregnancy, it is generally controlled at about 1800 ~ 2200 kcal daily. Specific energy intake should maintain normal weight growth.
In the early pregnancy, 5 grams per day on the basis of 1.0 grams of protein per day of weight; 15 grams per day in the second trimester; 20 grams per day in the third trimester.A pound of milk or two eggs or 1.5 lean meat can be provided with 15 grams of protein.
The intake of saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids and cholesterol should be reduced as little as possible. At the same time, it should eat fishy for about twice a week. Oils can be used for olive oil, soybean oil or corn oil.At the same time, it also emphasizes that the fats from nuts should account for 5%of the total energy, which is about 2 to 3 walnuts or a pair of sunflower seeds.
Strictly limit the intake of monosaccharides and dip sugar, it is best to choose polysaccharides.Such as rice, noodles, corn noodles and other miscellaneous grains, at the same time mixed with some fresh vegetables (such as potatoes, yam and other rhizomes). Under the condition of the same amount of food, the low -ray sugar index food is given priority.The amount of fruits control the fruit is not more than 150 grams per day. At the same time, be careful not to choose high sugar -containing fruits such as lychee, longan, persimmon, jujube, banana, etc.
Dietary fiber intake should be increased from various foods, such as all -valley, beans and vegetables with rich dietary fiber, such as konjac, celery, and various fungi.In particular, coarse grains are the main sources of dietary fiber, and we must pay attention to the intake of coarse grains.
The amount of trace nutrients such as vitamins and minerals is basically the same as ordinary pregnant mothers.
Physical activity is very helpful to control blood sugar after meals. If there is no obstetric taboos, regular exercise should be performed. It is recommended to participate in at least 150 minutes of medium -intensity aerobic exercise per week.
You can divide the three meals on weekdays 5-6 times, and generally breakfast accounts for 10 ~ 15%of the total energy of the meal.At the same time, the meal time is required to be carried out regularly, which is very beneficial to the control of blood sugar.
