Allergic reaction is an abnormal reaction that occurs after the body is exposed to certain allergens. Sometimes it occurs more rapidly. Generally, symptoms occur within 1 to 10 minutes after contacting allergens; some are slower.Symptoms occur within a few days.Common allergic original bacteria, animal fur, plant pollen, dust mites, animal protein, etc. in the air. Common allergic symptoms are skin redness, rash, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, throat edema, etc.Specifications such as acceleration of heart rate, even severe shock death in severe cases.
Generally speaking, patients with allergic patients should use appropriate anti -allergic drugs in time after developing symptoms.However, for the special group of expectant mothers, even if allergic symptoms occur, they dare not take medicine easily.Indeed, many drugs may affect the normal development of the fetus, especially from 21 to 35 days after conception (clinically calculated at the accurate conception time point, which is different from the agreed that the last menstruation is the same)"High -level sensitive period", there are fewer drugs available at this stage, and the medication needs to be carefully used and weigh the advantages and disadvantages.
People with allergies, pre -pregnancy screening allergens
A allergic reactions in pregnant women may be related to their own genetic factors such as allergies, or they may also be related to changes in the immune system caused by pregnancy or changes in hormone levels in the body.
For those with allergies, allergens can be performed before pregnancy to reduce the possibility of allergies during pregnancy.Of course, the most effective prevention measures are to avoid contact with allergens, and at the same time pay attention to the cleanliness of the home environment and maintain good ventilation.For pregnant women who are allergic to pollen, try to stay away from flowers and plants, and protect them when going out, such as wearing masks and glasses.The newly purchased clothes should be cleaned, dry after drying, and proper to cotton clothes.Pregnant women with allergies should also pay attention to their diet. Do not eat "high -risk food" that can easily cause allergic reactions often or a lot of crabs, seafood, etc.
Pregnant women’s allergic reactions are more common in skin and respiratory diseases.When pregnant women are allergic, they should be actively intervened. When necessary, use drugs for treatment. Generally, it is recommended to take oral or external administration methods.
For allergic skin diseases such as urticaria, pregnant women should first restrain them. Do not scratch the affected area or perform hot compresses to avoid aggravating the disease; avoid eating spicy and irritating foods during allergies, and can apply glyphosate washing solution or cold compress physiological saline.Allergic rhinitis can use physiological saline to wash the nose and apply the obstruction of the nasal mucosa in the nasal cavity to improve the symptoms.
The safety level of common anti -allergic drugs
For diseases such as allergic asthma, medication should be mainly based on drug treatment.Anti -allergic drugs are divided into antihistamine drugs, allergic reaction medium blockers, calcium, and glucocorticoids.Different drugs have different effects on fetal development. Pregnant women should treat drug treatment under the guidance of doctors and pharmacists.According to the safety grading of pregnancy during pregnancy during the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), drugs can be divided into A, B, C, D, and X grades. The safety decreases step by step.
Antimamines in anti -allergic drugs are usually Class B drugs. Pregnant women are used with caution. Common chlorophenicamin, Setrizine, dectorizer, isopenzine, phenyraramidIdizistin et al.The instruction manual of chloropheninamin (pokermin) reminds pregnant women with caution, but some reports do not support it related to the fetal’s congenital malformations, which is relatively safe.Although Setraizine also belongs to B -level drugs, domestic information is recommended to use for ban on women.Clotheradin (Kerry) is cautious for varieties.Saviine has a report that increases the sensitivity of neonatamine to the sensitivity and potential adverse reactions of newborn drugs, so the instructions indicate that pregnant women are banned.The probability of pupils can cause infants to cause cleft palate, groin hernia, and urinary tract reproductive organs. Therefore, pregnant women use it with caution.Aprilizine has the possibility of inducing adverse reactions of neonatal jaundice and tainers. Pregnant women should also use it with caution, but it should be discontinued 1 to 2 weeks before delivery.Nitrogen, Ibastein, and Enttine are not recommended for women in the early stages of pregnancy.
The allergic response media blocks include Zaruste, Mengru Ste, etc. It also belongs to Class B drugs. It is generally used for the prevention and long -term treatment of asthma. In the treatment of asthma in pregnant women, this type of drug belongs to the second -line medication.
Most of the glucocorticoid drugs belong to C -grade, that is, after use of pregnant women, the chance of incomplete placenta function, newborn weight loss or dead tires may be increased, and the advantages and disadvantages should be weighing by medication.Preparation and so on.Pregnant women with allergic rhinitis should avoid oral glucocorticoids in the early pregnancy, due to cases of rare congenital defects and congenital abdominal cracks in clinical practice.For patients with allergic asthma, inhalation of sugar corticosteroids and bronchial extensions can be used for treatment. The first choice of Bu Di Nalite (Class C Lingshu, C).For pregnant women with acute asthma, a short -acting bronchial extension may be selected. The first choice is the choice (Shuchin spirit, short -acting β2 adrenaline receptor agonist, C -grade).
Most of the calcium agents are B. Generally, there are no adverse effects on pregnant women and fetuses, such as calcium glucose and calcium chloride.However, because injection is usually required, it is not recommended as a regular treatment method for anti -allergies.
As a special group, expectant mothers must keep in mind that "prevention of disease is better than treating diseases" -Anly, in order to safely spend pregnancy, they should actively do a good job of prevention of allergic reactions, especially those with allergies.For pregnant women who have already occurred, the allergens should be blocked, first use non -drug treatment methods. If the disease cannot be effectively controlled, and then reasonable drug treatment is performed under the guidance of doctors and pharmacists.When taking medicine, try to choose A and B drugs, use C and D drugs with caution, disable X -level drugs. Once the treatment starts, avoid adjusting the dose without authorization.
Shi Haoqiang: Deputy Director and Deputy Director of Pharmacy of the Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Deputy Director of Pharmacists; Vice President of Shanghai Pharmacist Association, member of the Shanghai Science Popularization Writers Association; his Weibo "Shi Haoqiang teaches you reasonable medication" to penetrate the simple language and medicationKnowledge is well received by readers.
